The Effect of Nurse-Led Smoking Cessation Programs on Lung Disease Prevention at Federal Medical Centre, Katsina
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
Smoking is a leading cause of preventable diseases globally, contributing to the rise of chronic respiratory conditions, including lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and emphysema (Aliyu & Saleh, 2023). In Nigeria, smoking rates have increased over the years, particularly among adults, leading to a greater burden of respiratory diseases. According to recent studies, Nigeria's smoking prevalence among adults is concerning, with a significant rise in the number of smokers, especially among the youth (Ibrahim & Adamu, 2024). The Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Katsina has been actively involved in the prevention and treatment of lung diseases associated with smoking, and one of the key strategies has been nurse-led smoking cessation programs aimed at reducing smoking rates and preventing lung disease.
Nurses, being integral members of the healthcare team, play a vital role in promoting smoking cessation through direct patient education, counseling, and support during the cessation process (Okafor & Tukur, 2023). While healthcare workers globally have been pivotal in implementing smoking cessation strategies, the specific role of nurses in this context, especially in Katsina, remains underexplored. Smoking cessation programs led by nurses have the potential to improve patient outcomes by reducing the risk of developing lung disease, enhancing quality of life, and improving overall public health.
This study aims to evaluate the effect of nurse-led smoking cessation programs on lung disease prevention at FMC Katsina, focusing on the impact of these programs on smoking cessation rates and the incidence of lung-related diseases.
Statement of the Problem
The rising rates of smoking-related diseases in Katsina, alongside insufficient awareness and intervention programs, continue to place immense pressure on healthcare systems, especially in the management of lung diseases (Ibrahim et al., 2023). While smoking cessation is known to be the most effective intervention for preventing lung diseases, the role of nurses in facilitating and implementing these cessation programs is not well-documented. Despite the establishment of smoking cessation programs at FMC Katsina, their effectiveness in terms of long-term smoking cessation and prevention of lung diseases remains uncertain. This study seeks to fill this gap by evaluating the effect of nurse-led smoking cessation programs on reducing smoking prevalence and preventing lung diseases in the Katsina region.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the impact of nurse-led smoking cessation programs on smoking rates at FMC Katsina.
2. To evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led programs in preventing the development of lung diseases among smokers at FMC Katsina.
3. To recommend strategies for improving nurse-led smoking cessation programs to enhance lung disease prevention at FMC Katsina.
Research Questions
1. What is the effect of nurse-led smoking cessation programs on smoking rates at FMC Katsina?
2. How effective are nurse-led smoking cessation programs in preventing lung diseases among smokers at FMC Katsina?
3. What improvements can be made to enhance the effectiveness of nurse-led smoking cessation programs at FMC Katsina?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurse-led smoking cessation programs significantly reduce smoking rates among patients at FMC Katsina.
2. Nurse-led smoking cessation programs contribute to a reduction in the incidence of lung diseases associated with smoking at FMC Katsina.
3. Lack of follow-up and support mechanisms limits the long-term success of nurse-led smoking cessation programs at FMC Katsina.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on the impact of nurse-led smoking cessation programs on lung disease prevention at FMC Katsina. Limitations may include challenges in accurately measuring long-term smoking cessation rates and the impact of smoking cessation on lung disease prevention. Data collection may also be influenced by patients' willingness to participate and report their smoking behaviors truthfully.
Definitions of Terms
• Nurse-Led Smoking Cessation Programs: Programs led by nurses aimed at educating patients, providing counseling, and supporting them in quitting smoking.
• Lung Disease Prevention: Efforts made to reduce the risk of lung diseases through interventions such as smoking cessation.
• Smoking Cessation: The process of quitting smoking, typically supported by medical and behavioral interventions.
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A group of lung diseases, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis, primarily caused by smoking.
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